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The future of the RMB: special focus
Emerging markets: special focus
What China’s new Basel standards will mean for banks
January 2018
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China’s latest effort to curb shadow banking involves applying Basel standards on banks: they must disclose far more of their exposure to previously unidentified counterparties. It’s good for the industry, but what does it mean for individual mainland banks?
Why Ant’s CFIUS rejection heralds a tough time for China M&A
January 2018
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Big data concerns and growing protectionism mean many Chinese deals will stumble.
China: Ministry of Finance auction casts shadow over dim sum
January 2018
The Chinese Ministry of Finance successfully completed its second offshore renminbi bond auction, but poor investor demand for the offering raises questions about the future of the CNH bond market.
Hong Kong: Listings take a new turn
January 2018
The Hong Kong stock market is finally shaking off its image as a home for unloved Chinese IPOs.
China: Backtracking on reforms not an option
January 2018
The opening up of the Chinese financial sector to majority foreign ownership is an important and strategic move, but the guidelines curtailing banking sector liberalization make it look like one step forward, two steps back.
Alternative awards of the year 2017
December 2017
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Most tenuous Belt and Road deal: China Development Bank, Whiter Rock Wind Farm Project, Australia
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December 2017
With NPLs under control, focus must be on sustainable growth.
Bank of China: Outbound ambitions
December 2017
Internationalization is starting to pay dividends in performance.
China's Leaders in Fintech 2017
December 2017
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Asiamoney Cash Management Survey 2017: By country
December 2017
China and Hong Kong
Chinese banks yearn to trade offshore renminbi
December 2017
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Analysts’ confidence that there is untapped demand from Chinese banks to trade offshore RMB is good news for R5, which last week announced a joint venture with Shanghai Clearing House designed to connect these institutions to the London FX market.
Asiamoney Brokers Poll 2017: Results index
December 2017
Country results for China (A & B shares), China (H-shares, Red chips & P-chips), Hong Kong (local).
China v India in Reliance Communications spat
December 2017
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News broke last week of an intriguing insolvency petition in India: under the new Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, high-profile disputes are now commonplace, but what’s interesting here is it pits a Chinese policy bank against an Indian private-sector corporation.
Foreign partners consider next steps for Chinese securities JVs
November 2017
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IPO: Hong Kong literary book has many pages
November 2017
The capital markets highlight of November in Asia was the Hong Kong IPO of Tencent spinoff China Literature, which raised HK$8.3 billion ($1.1 billion), was 600 times oversubscribed and shot up 70% on its first day of trading.
China: Runners and riders for the PBoC top slot
November 2017
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It’s all change in the world’s most powerful central banks: the Federal Reserve has a new chair coming; the Bank of Japan will need a new one from April; and, no less significant, China could announce the next head of the People’s Bank of China (PBoC) any day.
China’s cryptocurrency ban is not what it seems
November 2017
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The People’s Bank doesn’t want a crypto-free country – it wants to own the market.
As Xi takes on the world, where are the bank mergers to do it?
November 2017
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As Xi Jinping heralded the dawn of a new era of Chinese politics and power at the Communist party congress in Beijing in October, a forgotten but important anniversary was about to be passed.
Banking: Ten years on, ICBC Standard deal starts to show its worth
November 2017
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In the 10 years since ICBC’s $5.5 billion acquisition of a 20% stake in South Africa’s Standard Bank Group, there has still been no bigger single China-Africa investment. Looking back now, the deal was remarkable for the speed and relative ease with which it came together. But has it worked?
Debt swap problems pile up in China
November 2017
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Debt-for-equity swaps are all the rage among China’s state-owned enterprises, but it may be that households, rather than banks or insurance companies, are going to be the ones footing the bill.
October 2017
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Why being positive on Chinese macro and the big four banks, but bearish on the rest of the financial sector, is not a contradiction in terms.
Seven things we learned in Washington – and you won’t believe number five
October 2017
A US infrastructure boom could hurt Belt and Road…
Cash management: Asia sets the gold standard in digital
October 2017
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Asia’s disparate markets and economies have found common ground in the widespread adoption of digital technology. Starting with consumer clients, expectations are rising up the banking chain and banks need to keep pace.
Asia banking: China’s wobbly dinner table
October 2017
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China is leveraging its middle class to clean up its banks – an approach rife with moral hazard.
China Unicom’s reform doesn’t amount to much
October 2017
Its mixed ownership reform cannot be applied to other SOEs.
China: Citi staffs up for Belt and Road
October 2017
New recruits show bank sees tangible business from Belt and Road; some will be new hires, others existing staff being moved.
HK dual-class shares proposal needs more work
October 2017
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Vehement opposition to the latest dual-class share proposal from the institutional investor community means HKEX will have to go back to the drawing board.
A first look inside HSBC’s China JV
September 2017
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After years of discussion and an agonizing wait for regulatory approval, HSBC’s securities joint venture in China – the first to have majority foreign control – is approaching launch. Senior figures explain the process and what the JV will look like.
Belt and Road Initiative |
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GBM benefits from early adoption of global approach
September 2017
The Belt and Road Initiative is a vastly ambitious project to upgrade transport infrastructure across south east Asia, south Asia, the Middle East and Central and Eastern Europe to facilitate the flow of Chinese trade.
Making sense of Belt and Road – What it means for banks
September 2017
China’s Belt and Road Initiative is so vast and ambitious it can be difficult to understand how it will all work in practice – what makes a BRI undertaking, how will they be funded, will they be trophy projects or on commercial terms, how are they originated? – so Euromoney spoke to 16 institutions all looking at BRI from their own different perspectives.
New Silk Road Finance Awards 2017 |
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September 2017
Through the internationalization of the renminbi, capital markets activity, mergers and acquisitions and the funding of some remarkable projects, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has taken root in financial markets. These are the banks leading the way.
Tencent’s CICC tie-up shows Chinese fintechs’ next steps
September 2017
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Chinese fintechs have been redrawing the map of financial services for a while now, and Tencent has just added the latest amendment.
Asia hubs jostle for share of FX wallet
August 2017
As Singapore reinforces its position as the leading FX trading centre in the Asia Pacific region, Euromoney looks at the prospects for other regional hubs.
How to fix Hong Kong’s markets
August 2017
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China gold survey: China isn’t punching its weight in gold
August 2017
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Its appetite for gold remains insatiable, making local market participants increasingly frustrated with their limited influence on global gold price-setting. That is set to change.
China: Bond Connect is not what people think
August 2017
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The differences between two landmark access programmes for China’s capital markets need to be understood.
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Awards for Excellence 2017: Asia results
July 2017
Regional and country awards.
MSCI explains next steps for China A-share inclusion
July 2017
A-shares included at low weight; handful of large-caps with tiny weighting.
CIMB’s China Galaxy brokerage sale reflects a new reality
July 2017
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Why did CIMB sell half its international brokerage business to China Galaxy? It is a coincidence of interests: survival on one side, expansion on the other.
HSBC’s long, long wait for JV approval finally comes good
July 2017
HSBC’s Sino-foreign joint venture has been approved at last, almost two years after the project was announced. It is the first such venture to have foreign control but what exactly has HSBC won?
The battle for Bank of East Asia
July 2017
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Elliott Management’s court case against Sir David Li’s Bank of East Asia pits the aggressive new world of activist investment against one of Hong Kong’s most venerable institutions. The stakes are high, and the rhetoric tough.
How Lee built Hang Seng's street cred
July 2017
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The bank for Hongkongers has long been overshadowed by big brother HSBC, but even rivals consider it the best investment the global giant ever made. What legacy does soon-to-retire chief executive Rose Lee leave?
China finance faces the moment of truth
July 2017
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Big names in finance are in the Chinese authorities' sights – perhaps that's why they are hiding from journalists.
China's bond markets get the hard-sell treatment
July 2017
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China’s bond markets may be set for explosive growth, but investors still have plenty to worry about. Fear not, the central bank is on the road in an effort to reassure would-be buyers.
Cleaner books in China's rustbelt
July 2017
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In a rare meeting with foreign media, two banks in Changchun, Bank of Jilin and Jilin JiuTai Rural Commercial Bank talk about shadow banking, toeing the Beijing party line and why a stockmarket listing in Hong Kong can be a poisoned chalice.
Green means go for Chinese regulators
July 2017
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China’s successful adoption of green bonds comes at a time when a climate-change sceptic leads the US but emerging economies are growing more conscious of environmental problems. Regulators are a guiding force for China’s green-bond market, coaxing the country toward global cooperation.
Chinese wealth enters a crucial decade
July 2017
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The country’s wealth management industry has grown fast – and just as quickly built up a bad reputation. But firms such as Noah and CreditEase are showing the way forward as China’s rich look to new ways of managing their assets.
Country risk: Where next for China investment risk?
July 2017
The Moody’s downgrade of China in May has given investors plenty to think about. The country’s long-term issues need to be addressed urgently.
Asiamoney Best Bank Awards 2017: China
Asiamoney Best Bank Awards 2017: Hong Kong
Asiamoney China's Best Wealth Managers: 2017
Asiamoney Offshore RMB Poll 2017: Results
China’s A-share MSCI milestone is more symbolism than substance
June 2017
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There will be a time when Chinese A-shares play a huge role in global emerging market (EM) portfolios, but Wednesday’s news does not mark that moment.
Anbang: The random Chinese buyer’s figurehead runs out of steam
June 2017
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It’s hard not to see, in the detention of Anbang chairman Wu Xiaohui, the final nail in the coffin of a certain kind of exuberant Chinese dealmaking.
Belt and Road Forum brings clarity but not yet fees
June 2017
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China: A song and dance for Belt and Road
June 2017
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China’s landmark Belt and Road Forum – not, we are told, to be abbreviated as Barf – has been hailed as a success for the country’s sprawling infrastructure agenda.
China downgrade predicted by Euromoney survey
May 2017
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The decision by Moody’s to lower its sovereign rating on China was flagged-up in ECR’s crowd-sourcing survey more than a year ago, and it will mean higher funding costs in the offshore market.
Asia: ChemChina/Syngenta out of fashion just as it arrives
May 2017
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One of the world’s most ambitious and laborious deals approaches its conclusion and will not be repeated in a hurry.
Asia banking: Inside Ant Financial’s nest
May 2017
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Alibaba, Alipay, Ant Financial – by now everyone in banking knows the triumvirate of brands that have transformed financial services in China, and the domestic story is only the start. Going global will be Ant Financial’s biggest-ever test, with tougher markets, tighter regulation and a whole new world of risk management. But it is nothing if not ambitious.
Ant Financial really wants MoneyGram, and has increased its bid by 36% – it’s a whole new style for the company, but getting it over the line will need more than money: it will mean convincing CFIUS… and Trump.
Asia: China debt breakthroughs meet investor indifference
May 2017
Bond Connect programme confirmed; long-term potential means little today.
Inside investment: Did the drugs just work?
May 2017
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In China, as is the case all around the world, the productivity of debt is falling precipitously. For every dollar, euro or yuan of new debt created, less GDP is extracted.
China investment: Oh, no! Not an udder one
May 2017
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All sorts of things can go wrong when you start pledging cows as collateral.
Philanthropy gears up with Asian altruism
April 2017
"The Asian culture, particularly the Chinese, is very humble around charitable giving and wealth, but now there are more high-profile names talking about philanthropy, and that is encouraging individuals to follow suit."
China: The curious case of Guotai Junan
April 2017
The Chinese brokerage’s fixed-price IPO in Hong Kong is being hailed as a step forward for a mainland-distorted market. But is it?
Jin Liqun: China’s internationalist
April 2017
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It is a strange world when the most outward-looking financial institution is based in Beijing – welcome to Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, led by Jin Liqun. But can the rest of the world really accept the idea that this is an apolitical organization formed only for regional infrastructure?
April 2017 President focused on quality not quantity of lending; China prepared to give up effective veto to new members.
China deals and investment banks of the year 2016
April 2017
Asiamoney and GlobalCapital Asia award the best banks and transactions in China, on and offshore.
Asia: Alder says Stock Connect has improved balance with Chinese regulators
March 2017
Enforcement on the mainland remains a huge issue for the Hong Kong SFC, but its CEO claims things are changing.
Asia: Why CLSA had to call time on US research
March 2017
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China's Lufax prepares to meet the global market
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It started out as one of 3,000 peer-to-peer lenders in China. In six years, it has become a broad wealth management platform that may raise as much as $5 billion in an international IPO this year. The pace of its growth has been every bit as breathtaking as Tencent’s WeChat or Alibaba’s Alipay, yet few outside China have heard of it. They will. CEO Gregory Gibb tells us why.
Asia’s vibrant high-yield start raises fears of a bubble
March 2017
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It seems perverse to criticize a high-yield boom just eight weeks after it got started, but questions are arising over the fervour for new deals.
New China bond licences raise more questions
February 2017
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The two licences awarded to JPMorgan and Citi in the Chinese bond markets this week look like progress, but need closer examination.
2017 Chinese economy & investment environment outlook e-book
February 2017
Download the free e-book.
Chinese Hong Kong listings survive capital curfews
January 2017
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Although China has restricted capital flight, it is still encouraging Hong Kong IPOs. That is good for international banks – mostly.
Asia bond markets make strong early running
January 2017
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In sharp contrast to this time last year, Asian issuers have rushed to get deals away while benign conditions last. How long will the Asia DCM boom last?
Asia banking: Are China’s JVs worth the effort?
January 2017
The long-awaited tie-up between HSBC and Shenzhen Qianhai Financial Holdings still seems to be nowhere in sight.
Portugal’s doubtful Chinese bailout
January 2017
Chinese firms are back in the running for control of Portuguese banking. The two sides are more used to doing business now – and the sellers are even more desperate for capital.
January 2017
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Beijing's pollution a problem for staff moves.
Year in data 2016: China’s dominance of investment banking reaches troubling levels
December 2016
It is no secret that China is the biggest game in town in Asia-Pacific investment banking. But it is striking, even alarming, to learn just how utterly dominant it has become.
Asia: Shenzhen-HK Connect arrives as insurers are pilloried for investment
December 2016
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New capital flow channel had a limp debut; insurance industry is under the cosh.
Investigations leave Hong Kong’s bankers nervous
December 2016
SFC scrutinizes stock exchange sponsors; US pursues princeling hires.
Asia: Allure of the Chinese buyer begins to fade
December 2016
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Outbound M&A from China has been one of the big themes in global investment banking over the past few years, much of it driven by the need to reform China’s state-owned enterprises. But it is tricky work, subject to forces beyond an adviser’s control, and only some of it is lucrative. No wonder bankers, and many selling companies, are re-evaluating whether a Chinese buyer is unequivocally a good thing.
China and India: A tale of two New York IPOs
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ZTO Express underlines US affection for ambitious Chinese firms; Azure Power shows how much farther India’s have to go.
China’s swap shop tries to avoid swamping banks
November 2016
New debt-equity swap measures tackle corporate debt load; bank NPLs are already rising.
Asia banking: China’s shadow monster can’t be stopped
October 2016
Sector is opaque, distorting and unstable; banks ‘lending where they shouldn’t be’.
China: Postal Savings spreads the love 26 ways
October 2016
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Bank sets record for bookrunners on a single deal; raises $7.4 billion but only thanks to cornerstones.
Asia: Why Hong Kong needs to curb cornerstone epidemic
October 2016
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The dominance of cornerstone tranches in Chinese IPOs represents a raw deal for other investors – and needs to stop.
ECR survey results Q3 2016: China, Italy, Nigeria mar stabilizing global outlook
October 2016
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The calming of the political shock of Brexit, with oil prices now receiving Opec support, is preventing global risks from worsening, yet with a referendum looming in Italy, elections in the US and Europe to come, not to mention frail banks and several countries mired in difficulties, it might be the calm before another global storm.
Asia real estate: Divorce? It’s the best deal in China
October 2016
Decoding the Chinese property market has always been a challenging science, but even the savviest analysts may not have appreciated one unlikely driver: divorce rates.
China private banking debate: Wealth managers look to a world of opportunity
September 2016
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China’s leading lenders are opening private banking offices across the world to cater to their wealthiest clients. But all global wealth managers face the same challenges: rising regulations; the need to maximize internal resources by targeting the right markets and clients; and the rise of technology.
China rings changes in homegrown bond markets
September 2016
New deals show innovation; mounting concern about defaults.
China looks forward to second phase of CIPS
September 2016
As the China International Payment System (CIPS) approaches its first anniversary, there is much anticipation around how the second phase of the project will impact RMB settlement volumes.
Bulge bracket gets slimmer in Asian investment banking revenues
September 2016
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Euromoney’s sister company Dealogic released a set of data on Monday confirming what many international bankers in Asia have feared for some time: that they are becoming less relevant and are losing their lunch to local, chiefly Chinese, rivals.
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Asia: CCB’s Wang is alert to China’s challenges
August 2016
China Construction Bank is not alone among the country’s big four banks to claim it changed its lending policy before the rise in bad debts. But in chairman Wang Hongzhang, CCB has a leader who thinks differently.
Temasek hit by China volatility
August 2016
Posts 9.02% loss for 2015-16; sovereign fund reshapes portfolio.
China retail gold survey 2016: China steps towards gold dominance
August 2016
As the Shanghai Gold Exchange introduces a new benchmark, the country now leads in gold production, consumption and imports.
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China Retail Gold Survey 2016: Results Index
August 2016
MSCI decision tells China it can’t always get its own way
June 2016
Wednesday’s decision by MSCI to delay membership for Chinese A-shares in the MSCI Emerging Markets Index serves a number of purposes.
M&A: China’s new language of acquisition
June 2016
Chinese M&A ambition is good news for banks chasing advisory fees but soaring debt levels give cause for concern.
China’s Big Four ready for bad debt challenge
June 2016
Bank chairmen confident they can tackle NPL problem; Chinese economy undergoing necessary restructuring.
Asia: Good news for a multilateral future May 2016
China’s commitment to common standards for development banks is welcome news.
Orient IPO brings Citi partner to Hong Kong market
April 2016
Citi JV opts for Hong Kong for IPO, but should it have gone six months ago?
Asia: China's moment of truth April 2016
China: Corporates face toxic threat of debt
April 2016
Corporate debt at record high; NPLs at state lenders also on rise.
April 2016
Country risk scores for many of the large emerging markets (EMs) continued to fall in the first months of the year. Risk scores have now reached levels that do not preclude another global shock if China hits the skids.
Panda breath: China fears dislocation, not doomsday
April 2016
Polemicists arguing either side of this coin toss abound, from water coolers to Republican primaries. Where once markets drew direction from the pronouncements of Alan Greenspan, they now rise and fall on Chinese numbers. Ironically, no one actually believes the official numbers that China puts out.
Country risk: The compelling case for a China downgrade
March 2016
Talk of a crisis is overblown, but the world’s most populous nation is still struggling to convince the experts, as its risk score declines.
China’s muddled FX policy sows reform doubts March 2016
China A-shares set for MSCI index breakthrough
QFII reforms will open up access to domestic stocks; China will have big weighting in EM index.
Hong Kong IPOs: Goodbaby, goodnight
March 2016
Every now and then a barometer deal comes around: one whose outcome shows the market what to expect. One such was Goodbaby China Holdings, set to be a deal that showed there was still scope to launch IPOs, even mainland Chinese IPOs, in Hong Kong, despite volatility.
Emerging markets: Big trouble from brittle China
February 2016
The January fall in emerging market currencies, the exodus of foreign capital and a global bear market in equities all point to a new financial crisis. How China reacts to this threat holds the key for emerging markets.
China rainmakers pour into private equity February 2016
Big names move to buyout firms; private equity ‘has money to burn’.
Beijing seeks to allay fears of China crisis
February 2016
Market and currency turmoil weigh on growth; financial and stock market reforms needed.
Against the tide: China’s bumpy ride
February 2016
It is going to be a bumpy ride for Asia and other commodity-producing economies this year.
China: Currency contortions threaten dim sum
February 2016
Gap between onshore and offshore exposed; Hong Kong dim sum market in doubt.
Panda breath – Street food for thought February 2016 With the energy of frustrated followers of Nostradamus finally finding vindication, market-watchers pounced on China’s opening-bell volatility as confirmation that the end, finally, was nigh.
China GDP scepticism upends trading strategies
January 2016
Euromoney Country Risk survey results 2015: China, Brazil and South Africa lead EM credit rout
January 2016
Political instability, falling commodity prices, central-bank policy uncertainties and conflict were the principal negative risk factors for investors to contemplate at the turn of the year, as China’s troubles were brought into focus by another round of financial volatility.
Fear and loathing in Beijing rattles Chinese brokers
January 2016
Arrests, disappearances and suicides rock industry; investor unease at hard-nosed Beijing.
China: Ex-regulator calls for market reforms
December 2015
Gao urges SOE defaults; financial reform should precede capital liberalization.
Economists sombre on China monetary trap
December 2015
Dollar dominance continues; RMB inclusion in IMF reserve basket symbolic.
AIIB spells out conservative approach
December 2015
New Asia lender caps lending at $100 billion; dollars, not RMB, will fund projects.
China domestic reform: do or die
December 2015
China is pushing ahead with capital account reforms but it needs to make sure its own house is in order first.
China's international payment system gathers steam
November 2015
One month in and it’s a case of so far so good for the China International Payment System (CIPS), even allowing for limitations in operating hours.
Chinese corporates reassess FX hedging
November 2015
Having done well from their exposure to the RMB during the past decade, the currency’s surprise devaluation in mid-August should force Chinese companies to brush up on hedging strategies that were rusty at best, but many are instead simply focusing on opportunistic borrowing strategies.
China's balancing act on exchange rate
October 2015
China's quarter-point rate cut last Friday is the latest attempt to revive a flagging economy. But although currency liberalization is on the agenda in the longer term, the People's Bank of China is unlikely to be ready to cede control of the renminbi’s de facto dollar peg just yet as depreciation pressures grow.
October 2015
China’s risk score fell 1.5 points, to below 60 out of 100, for the first time in almost two years in Q3 2015.
China ponders privatization conundrum
October 2015
Beijing plan to privatise slew of SOEs: Analysts fear concentration of power.
Special report: China's leading cities
September 2015
The hubs in the New Silk Road.
September 2015
Overall results
China private banking debate: Managing a wealth of riches in China
September 2015
The nation’s private banking industry is blossoming, but even as it flourishes, leading players have to move fast to keep up with a changing market and an increasingly demanding and diverse client base. Euromoney gathered together a panel of private bankers, wealth managers and economists to discuss the market’s key issues in July.
Chinese investment banks: Calmer chameleons
September 2015
Asia’s growing band of big, local investment banks won’t let short-term market fluctuations affect their planned transitions from national to regional leadership.
China's leaders hit the panic button
September 2015
Look beyond the gyrations of its stock markets, and you can see one thing clearly in China: equivocation. The regime of Xi Jinping is fundamentally flawed because of its public espousal of the markets, but private refusal to cede any real control. Optimists hope the latest crisis could be the impetus for real reform. Most experts warn investors hoping for a recovery in their stock purchases not to hold their breath.
China starts market mayhem blame game
September 2015
Market propped up by $200 billion in July and August; brokerage probes undermine drive to reform.
Sideways: China can learn from Goldman
September 2015
China’s struggle to communicate effectively with markets was demonstrated by its scapegoating of journalists for supposedly worsening the crash in local stock prices.
Emerging-market crisis is key test for banks
September 2015
Lenders were offered a valuable real-life stress test in late August, when investor concerns about the Chinese authorities’ bungled response to slowing growth in China following the devaluation of the yuan led to plunging Chinese and world equity prices, slumping commodity valuations and spikes in volatility across currency and securities markets.
China stuns markets with sudden currency devaluation
September 2015
Everyone knew a revaluation of renminbi was coming sooner or later, yet China's announcement, including reform of the dollar fixing mechanism, caught many off guard. The move left observers debating whether it was stimulating its economy or acquiescing to calls for exchange-rate liberalization.
SWF: Temasek rides China wave to near 20% return
August 2015
Over one quarter of fund invested in China; concern over volatility exposure.
China: Stock meltdown prompts market intervention
August 2015 Foreign investors pull Rmb40.5 billion in two weeks; average P/E ratio still 66 times.
Country risk: Southeast Asia braces itself for US Fed rate hike
July 2015
China has seen slightly slower consumption and exports this year, but it is investment in manufacturing and real estate that are causing the most concern.
China stocks: turning a crisis into a catastrophe
July 2015
July 2015
In 15 years, Jiang Jianqing has taken ICBC from technical bankruptcy to the world’s most profitable bank.
China high yield: Whimper greets property developer Kaisa’s default
June 2015
Stark contrast with reaction to Sino-Forest default in 2011; case highlights key man and regulatory risks in China.
Chinese corporates question value of advice
June 2015
The culture among Chinese companies of preparing and executing their own acquisitions isn’t good news for investment banks keen to charge for services. Will it ever change?
Chinese buyers descend on Lisbon
June 2015
It may be a battered economy on the edge of Europe, but Portugal is rapidly becoming the hotspot for Chinese corporate ownership in Europe, particularly in the financial sector. Whether they like it or not, governments and regulators in Lisbon, Brussels and elsewhere will welcome them with open arms.
China banks face real-estate dangers
May 2015
The slowdown of the Chinese real-estate market is an increasing risk for the country’s banks, but government intervention might dampen the threat.
Dim sum bond issuance slumps as renminbi globalization struggles to gain traction
June 2015
Recent data suggest that the momentum of the renminbi is slowing, particularly outside Asia.
China: Muni sea-change excites overseas investors
May 2015
Beijing has ambitious plans for market; international funds will find it ‘hard to ignore’.
Euromoney Country Risk Survey Q1 2015: Russia crisis, China fragility and EMs’ capital-flow shock
April 2015
China’s growth concerns, exaggerated by a flaky real-estate market and an iron-ore industry now in a tailspin, have seen its risk score weaken since 2014.
Digital banking: Electronic shock for China's old guard
April 2015
Tencent and Alibaba are at the vanguard of setting up new online banks. It's a great way to shake up the old state players and, by mining their data, get credit ratings for China's underserved population. But do upstart tech companies really have the political and business resources to challenge the incumbents?
Stock Connect: China shorting plan ‘needs more lenders'
April 2015
The pool of approved stock lenders for the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect short selling scheme must be widened for the initiative to succeed, according to market experts.
Debt restructuring with Chinese characteristics
April 2015
Critics may cry foul at the moral hazard but Beijing has bought itself time with its debt swap for local governments.
Asia: Patience pays off as Citic/CLSA makes its mark
March 2015
Few thought that the marriage of a Chinese securities firm with an Asian brokerage which had a unique, and at times disruptive, culture could work. But two years on, Citic and CLSA have proved they can be at least the sum of their parts. Can the combination now become a true regional powerhouse as its leaders hope?
Asia: Anti-graft drive puts Macau in the shade
February 2015
Gaming capital stocks fall 41%; gambling revenues down 30%.
Chinese brokers hungry for assets outside Asia
February 2015
Haitong adds to trend with BESI deal; further opportunistic moves on way.
February 2015
Pioneering WeBank launches; China set to lead industry.
Trade finance: RMB expansion catches up with China GDP
February 2015
Capital controls have constrained the use of the renminbi in global trade, while China’s real economy has surged ahead. Despite the strict rules around its use, market players are punting on strong RMB growth in 2015, Euromoney’s Trade Finance survey reveals.
China sprouts green shoots in securitization
December 2014
A flurry of new deals points to an exciting new business possibility for Apac banks in 2015.
Hong Kong-Shanghai Stock Connect enables CNH funding arbitrage
December 2014
The Hong Kong-Shanghai Stock Connect, which was launched amid much fanfare on November 17, has triggered a jump in CNH-funded arbitrage opportunities. However, rising Stock Connect volumes and easing by the People’s Bank of China – triggering a convergence between onshore and offshore rates – will remove current funding advantages.
China: Stock Connect through train steams ahead
November 2014
The eagerly awaited Stock Connect system connecting Hong Kong to the mainland is up and running to relief all round. While traditional long-only funds and southbound flows have lagged, market players foresee a new dawn in Chinese equity trading.
Looming China crisis adds to eurozone and emerging-market threats - ECR Q3
October 2014
The latest results from the Euromoney Country Risk survey point to an unprecedented rise in risk across almost all geographical regions since June, with emerging markets (EMs) taking the biggest hit as doubts over China, the eurozone and US liquidity support weigh heavily on experts’ evaluations.
China trade finance: What lies beneath
October 2014
The surge in China-related trade financing might not be as encouraging as the pure numbers indicate.
South Korea battling for RMB spoils
October 2014
Backed by its robust trading relationship with China, the east Asian nation is the latest fledgling offshore renminbi hub. Market participants shed light on South Korea’s renminbi bid as internationalization of the Chinese currency gathers pace.
Asian bankers bathe in Alibaba afterglow
October 2014
Alibaba lists on NYSE; deal might free up pipeline.
Brics bank: requiem for a dream
September 2014
Incensed by their failure to reform, Brics policymakers have established a flawed rival to the World Bank and IMF. Rhetoric aside, the west dismisses emerging-market dissent over the broken financial architecture at its peril.
China’s ratings misprice its risk; Hong Kong’s are spot on
September 2014
Disaggregating China’s investor risk into its constituent parts points to less safety in its sovereign bonds than its credit ratings suggest. Hong Kong is a different proposition with experts choosing to ignore its political problems.
China banking: Cinda – on the ball or to the wall?
September 2014
Asset management company Cinda is a stark example of the implausible nature of China’s financial system. It has transformed its business model from an NPL warehouse to what some call a giant shadow bank. With more AMCs in the pipeline, analysts are beginning to question if China understands the risks it is piling up.
Hong Kong sukuk boosts Islamic credentials
September 2014
The debut issue of a five-year $1 billion sukuk this week is a statement of intent from Hong Kong that it is serious about Islamic finance, sending a strong signal to rival financial centres.
Real estate survey 2014: Asia – China takes back seat in Asian real estate
September 2014
The weakness of the Chinese market has prompted the Asian real estate industry to look elsewhere for returns in 2014.
HKMA intervention once again prompts debate on US dollar peg
August 2014
Bets of a re-peg of the Hong Kong dollar have resurfaced in the currency markets as the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) intervened to inject dollar liquidity to the tune of $9.86 billion several times since July 1 on the back of large inflows into Hong Kong during the past few months.
China retail gold survey 2014: China takes a dip
August 2014
After a strong showing in 2013, this year looks like being less fruitful for China’s gold market. But the retail market continues to flourish. The prediction is for 25% growth in the next four years.
China: IPOs in line for a ticket on the through train
August 2014
New system connects Shanghai and HK markets; regulations need to catch up.
China banking risks three times higher than US
July 2014
China’s banking risks have tripled in one year amid a decline in market capitalization for the sector and a rise in debt issuance, as fears over the shadow-banking system grow, according to the latest projections from a systemic risk index, Euromoney can reveal.
China: CIC censured for mismanagement
July 2014
Authorities more strident on standards; wealth fund criticized for lack of due diligence.
China helps bridge Russia’s investment gap
June 2014
Joint investment fund undertakes new deals; Kazakhstan’s nationalized bank sell-offs set to go.
Why the biggest victim of rising US yields could be China
April 2014
How rising US short-term rates would complicate China’s credit challenge amid fears that a second, bank-led wave of outflows from emerging markets could be on the horizon.
Capital controls in China are broken; Beijing faces a new 'impossible trinity'
April 2014
The sharp jump in cross-border lending to China in recent years means capital controls are de facto broken. As a result, Beijing faces the “impossible trinity” – an inability to manage exchange rates, monetary policy and allow for free movement of capital, all at the same time. China faces an renminbi-policy crisis just as much as a potential credit crisis.
Financial crisis fears in China overblown – private bank chiefs
April 2014
Euromoney asked the CIOs and strategists of the leading private banks: are you adding or taking away China risk in your portfolios.
China’s banks shake off fear of foreign climes
April 2014
Most have followed their clients’ businesses abroad. Now it’s time for them to learn the lesson of Alibaba’s listing in New York and become true international finance players.
Equities: Harbin underwhelms on HK debut
April 2014
Deal priced at bottom of range; Alibaba finally chooses New York over HK.
April 2014
Two banking upstarts are resetting the relationships the Chinese have with their boring old state lenders by being convenient and readily understood. Even better, they pay great rates. But the incumbents aren’t taking this new threat lying down.
China, India and Russia worst offenders in trapping company cash
March 2014
Treasury professionals of companies with combined annual sales of more than $250 billion have voted China, India and Russia as the worst countries to repatriate company funds from, according to Euromoney’s ‘trapped cash’ pulse survey.
China’s country-risk score still sliding
March 2014
Experts lacking faith in the sovereign keep nudging its score downwards, suggesting the rating agencies are too confident in their risk assessment.
Decline of yuan-way bets triggers financial stability fears
March 2014
The longstanding one-way bet on USDCNY has been in disarray, but worse might be to come, as China looks to its FX regime to cope with credit issues, and likely defaults this year, threatening volatility in the structured-product market.
March 2014
Chinese bank’s London purchase likely to be followed by other acquisitions in foreign markets.
Private banking: China Merchants Bank woos second-generation wealthy
February 2014
Wealth preservation a growing focus; succession issues come to the fore.
Private banking: China’s wealth set to overtake Japan's this year – HSBC
February 2014
‘Plenty of work for wealth advisers’ in Asia, says HSBC in a report this week, citing how the region ex-Japan’s wealth will eclipse the US by the end of 2015.
Africa safe from China slowdown – for now
February 2014
While China’s economic slowdown has had repercussions on global emerging markets, frontier markets – specifically China’s trade partners in Africa – have been relatively insulated from the storm, sheltered in part by their limited financial systems. And, perhaps surprisingly, analysts are sanguine about the outlook for commodity-intensive trade.
Physical ETFs to ease access to China A shares
February 2014
New funds to track both A50 and CSI300 indices; Ucits compliance opens funds to European buyers.
Equity capital markets: China IPOs ride high despite regulator’s action
February 2014
Mainland China leads exchange nationality ranking; Hong Kong IPOs start year to warm sentiment.
Emerging market sell-off as a weak dollar/strong renminbi crisis
January 2014
Is it all China’s fault? The Fed's? Febrile sentiment from the likes of Larry Fink? Argentina? Turkey? Or all of the above?
Emerging market plunge: Sino the times?
January 2014
Not all emerging markets are in free fall, investors are discriminating between surplus and deficit countries, it’s not all China’s fault, and domestic EM policies matter.
Market is bullish on renminbi internationalization amid China wobbles
January 2014
Concrete advances towards the full tradability of the Chinese currency are at last seemingly being made, helping to rebalance the country’s growth model but heaping on short-term risks to China’s economic and financial stability.
The stock market impact of China’s reforms
January 2014
The country faces many problems in banking, real estate, consumption and demographics that cannot be quickly solved.
Asian M&A: China key to urge to merge
January 2014
Asia Pacific’s moribund M&A market needs promised reforms in China to be effected as soon as possible.
Asian capital markets: Debt enjoys record year as equity rebounds
January 2014
China drives capital markets; convertible bond issues stage a return.
China IPO market set to open in 2014 following regulatory clean-up
January 2014
The mainland Chinese IPO market is set for a comeback this year as China’s Securities Regulatory Commission lifts a ban on new stock market listings as early as January and regulatory overhauls ease risk, analysts say.
China-German economic ties set for rebalancing
December 2013
Germany’s export machine will be hit by a rebalancing of China's economy, but the special relationship between the world’s second- and fourth-largest economies might provide a springboard for the development of more sustainable economic ties.
London-China ties strengthen as China Construction Bank touts UK business
December 2013
With extended opportunities for UK investors in China through programmes such as the RQFII scheme, China Construction Bank opened its doors this week to London-based investors, signalling the strength of the Sino-UK relationship.
China private equity in transition
December 2013
Strong industry growth over past decade; adverse effect of dearth of IPOs.
Cyclical China bears morph into structural bulls post-plenum
December 2013
China’s once-in-a-generation economic reforms have largely pleased some notable bears, as new policies reflect Beijing’s recognition that a growth-at-all-costs investment-led model is bust, while capital-account opening could help navigate short-term credit challenges.
Latin America banking: Political risk slows China’s progress
December 2013
But expected wave of bank consolidation not forthcoming; hampered in Argentina by high regulatory and political risk.
China consolidates its Latin American presence
December 2013
Recent large-scale Chinese acquisitions and consortium agreements in the LatAm financial and energy sectors indicate the People’s Republic’s continuing interest in the region’s resources.
China: Has FTA snub driven Shanghai’s FTZ?
December 2013
Rush to open free trade zone; aim to facilitate China’s entry into TPP.
China’s crucial Shanghai trade
December 2013
At its Third Plenum, the Communist Party communicated its commitment to economic change. The country’s first free trade zone, in Shanghai, will act as the test bed, but without clarity on any number of policies, will international firms rush to set up shop?
December 2013
The absence of senior officials at the opening of China’s first FTZ doesn’t mean it’s not a priority.
Four challenges facing Shanghai free-trade zone
November 2013
China’s ambitious liberalization experiment in Shanghai, announced at the third plenum, could reshape national policy – but there are four key challenges that could thwart the project.
FX investors should look east; China could taper before the Fed
November 2013
For all the focus on the Federal Reserve’s plans to start tapering its asset purchases, currency investors should also be looking at developments in China.
China ‘bad bank’ plan perplexes market amid secret debt workouts
November 2013
The Chinese government says it wants to transform its asset management companies – established to take on growing bad debts in the banking system – into commercially driven enterprises. In reality, a lack of transparency on portfolio loans means analysts are none the wiser as to the scale of the problem and the resolution process for legacy loans.
Arbitrage a risk in Shanghai free-trade zone
November 2013
The free-trade zone in Shanghai has been depicted as one of the biggest steps towards Chinese economic liberalization, but some analysts argue the risk of arbitrage and a lack of transparency will be difficult to overcome – while there is no consensus on whether policymakers are committed to full-scale capital-market liberalization.
UK Treasury China-bank charm offensive exposes regulatory arbitrage
November 2013
The UK Treasury’s courtship of Chinese banks highlights, in part, London’s relatively flexible regulatory regime for foreign banks – in contrast to the Fed. It also opens up a broader debate about subsidiarization and global banking models, more generally, amid regulatory turf wars.
China’s latest swap agreement will facilitate trade
November 2013
Swap agreement reflects growing trade; London has competitive advantage.
Equity capital markets: Li looks to IPO market as ParknShop sale fails
November 2013
AS Watson under strategic review; IPO would be Asia’s biggest in three years.
Agricultural Bank of China economist warns economic reform hinges on politics
October 2013
Xiang Songzuo, chief economist of state-owned ABC, says China’s next raft of reforms – from retooling state-owned enterprises to tackling local government debt burdens and environmental challenges – will involve a disruptive shift in the political system.
US Treasury renminbi undervaluation claim disputed
October 2013
The US government has upped the ante in its criticism of China’s foreign exchange regime, but Lombard Street Research reckons the renminbi is, in fact, overvalued by 30% on a trade-weighted basis, citing, in part, rising unit labour costs and disinflationary pressures.
India still a crumbling Bric as China strengthens: ECR Q3 2013
October 2013
Only China, now the safest of the five Brics, has a higher score compared with the beginning of this year.
Jury still out on China’s commitment to liberalization of financial system
October 2013
The Shanghai free-trade zone (FTZ), China’s grand experiment with liberalizing interest rates and opening its capital account, has only a short window of opportunity to convince the markets that the Communist Party is serious about reform.
Cash management: A revolution in cash for China
October 2013
Demand for sophisticated cash management services in China is rising as the authorities press for greater business efficiency at home and Chinese corporates expand their foreign operations. Renminbi liberalization is another driver.
Make or break time at China’s third plenum
October 2013
High hopes for sweeping reform; Li says country is at crucial juncture.
Shanghai’s FTZ is not a threat
October 2013
The new free-trade zone in Shanghai is much more likely to invigorate Hong Kong as a financial sector than threaten it.
New China import tax might take the heat out of coal
October 2013
On September 3, Beijing announced a 3% tax on coal imports with low calorific value. Some market analysts are concerned that the tax might have a negative impact on Indonesian exports of thermal coal as the levy could remove any price advantages. Between January and July this year, Indonesia accounted for 97% of China’s lignite imports.
Commodities: Adaro fuels Asia’s hunger for power
October 2013
As China’s appetite for commodities appears to be fading, demand for Indonesian coal could also fall, putting the export economy under stress. Mining company Adaro explains why the future is still bright.
International RMB: Luxembourg 1 Rest of Europe 0
October 2013
London should be wary of the Duchy’s ambitions to become Europe’s RMB hub.
China sows seeds for next global downturn
September 2013
The emerging market sell-off since May is just the start of a painful multi-year adjustment process – and China has blazed a trail for the next downturn. Capital abundance, deflationary pressures and imbalanced global demand continue to drive the 15-year cycle of credit booms and busts.
Big-game hunting for China’s POEs
September 2013
State-owned companies have, until now, set the tone in China. But as economic growth slows and state-driven capital market activity founders, banks are hunting for business from China’s privately owned, ambitious enterprises.
Bank shortcomings exposed as Chinese economy founders
September 2013
The Chinese economy is growing ever more slowly – probably slipping even faster than officially admitted, and from a base whose size is possibly exaggerated too. In the midst of this, the orthodox banking sector is doing unorthodox things on a grand scale, while being undermined and bypassed by an even more unorthodox grey financial sector.
China: Government bond futures return after 18 years
September 2013
Risk-control measures in place; further step in economic liberalization.
Bank hiring practices: US regulators turn spotlight on Hong Kong
September 2013
Banks everywhere hire well-connected employees as standard practice. Why should Hong Kong so grate with US regulators?
Foreign investors wary of China onshore risks
September 2013
The preferred method for playing Chinese credit markets remains the dim sum bond market, say analysts, as China’s expansion of access to its onshore market is met with a cool reception by foreign investors.
Jin-Yong Cai: An activist at the IFC
September 2013
The new head of the International Finance Corporation, Jin-Yong Cai, tells Euromoney about the need for the World Bank’s private-sector arm to take more risks and be more activist in developing policy ideas in such areas as infrastructure development and poverty reduction.
Emerging market FX growth underperforms broader market
September 2013
Emerging market (EM) currencies are expected to continue to expand their share of the $5.3 trillion-a-day global forex market despite the turmoil, with China’s RMB leading the charge.
China struggling to balance growth imperative with structural reform
August 2013
China’s economy is embarking on a new and critical phase of development as the country attempts to navigate its way beyond growth for growth’s sake to create an economy that serves the needs of its people.
Chinese bond market on long and winding road to maturity
August 2013
Despite the strides China is making in the development of its $2.7 trillion government bond market, it remains structurally inefficient, thanks to meagre trading volume in an asset class strangled by the country’s fixed interest rate regime. Calls are growing for greater efforts to develop the government and corporate bond market structure in a bid to boost the efficiency of savings and non-bank financing.
China Retail Gold Survey 2013: China’s gold market takes its own path
August 2013
Activity and prices remain buoyant in China’s gold markets despite the slip in prices in the west.
China wrestles with data-accuracy conundrum amid global spotlight
July 2013
The veracity of official data from China has long been questioned due to inconsistencies, missing key indicators or massaging of the numbers for political reasons. Now the stakes seem higher: the rise in the shadow banking system and question marks over the accuracy of economic and industry data add to fears that calculating systemic leverage in China’s economy is mission impossible.
China: Bankers welcome China clampdown
July 2013
Bankers focus on positives; say authorities will strike right balance.
China: People’s Bank stays firm to calm fears
July 2013
Funding squeeze reaches peak; PBoC to safeguard stability.
Asian risks fragment in light of countervailing trends in China and Japan – ECR Q2 2013 results
July 2013
China and Japan’s contrasting trends create a more even split of safer and riskier sovereigns across Asia as 12 countries see lower scores, 10 push higher and six are unchanged.
China RMB debate: The renminbi’s road to full internationalization
July 2013
Euromoney’s debate involving leading executives in Asian financial services throws light on the Chinese currency’s progress to full international status and the likely developments that will hinder and advance the process.
Currencies the best way to hedge against China crash
July 2013
Investors looking to insure against the probability of a hard landing in China should look to the currency market.
Taming of China shadow banks crimped by archaic regulatory structure
July 2013
The rapid, seemingly uncontrolled, expansion of China’s shadow banking sector is under intense scrutiny because of the risks it poses to the banking system, and the economy itself, but also because the sector is largely unregulated. Urgent steps are needed to beef up regulatory vigilance as China seeks to engineer a contraction of credit to levered sectors.
China’s war on shadow financing raises spectre of credit crisis
July 2013
Fears are growing that a concentration of bad debt in China’s informal lending or shadow financial sector, is a ticking time-bomb that might not only weigh on economic growth and stoke inflation but could cause a far more damaging banking crisis.
Renminbi overvalued by 30%; China macro risks rise
July 2013
The appreciation of China’s renminbi in the face of deteriorating economic fundamentals and global disinflation represents a new normal in China’s political economy, but opinion is split about whether the currency is overvalued.
China risk score hits 10-year low amid liquidity crisis
June 2013
China’s banking sector has emerged as the principal source of sovereign risk, reversing a decade-long trend, say analysts.
China liquidity crisis: a welcome stress test?
June 2013
Whether there is a serious liquidity shortage in the Chinese banking sector or just poor liquidity management is missing the broader point: recent outflows provide a necessary stress test for the People's Bank of China (PBoC) to assess the appetite for capital account liberalization, say analysts.
China: Threats of a crisis lurking in the shadows
June 2013
Fears are starting to escalate that China’s heated financial sector is about to reach boiling point.
Liquidity crunch a catalyst for big China slowdown – analysts
June 2013
The mini liquidity crunch is the early warning sign of a substantial economic correction long overdue, amid rising leverage and a broken growth model, say bearish analysts.
China’s FX carry trade: the next shoe to drop?
June 2013
For FX investors witnessing the volatility in high-yielding currencies, it might seem a strange time to warn about the potential bursting of a carry trade bubble, but one has managed to slip under the radar.
China bears re-emerge from the wilderness as credit fears grow
June 2013
Fears are growing that China’s elevated debt levels, diminishing returns from its bank-financed investment-led growth strategy and slowing GDP prospects mean a credit crisis is in the making.
US falls behind the curve as China pushes forth with internationalization of the RMB
June 2013
As the internationalization of the renminbi takes off this year, chances are that New York will be left behind, says Andy Seaman, fund manager and partner at Stratton Street Capital, a London-based investment fund manager.
Fully convertible RMB: the final frontier
May 2013
China’s long journey to a fully convertible currency may be nearing an end, according to BCA research, as the timing for liberalization couldn’t be any better.
China curbs on speculative inflows pave way for renminbi band widening
May 2013
Measures introduced by China’s State Administration of Foreign Exchange (SAFE) this week to stem speculative inflows of capital into the country could be a first step towards further liberalization of Beijing’s currency policy.
China FX liberalization to ease reserve headache; Beijing at point of no return
April 2013
China has announced further plans to liberalize the renminbi, a move that could relieve the pressure of excessive FX reserve growth that has been triggered by the easing of the eurozone financial crisis.
Shadow over China’s growth trajectory – Asia Q1 results
April 2013
Slower -than-expected growth and enduring bank-stability issues continue to weigh on China’s risk outlook, according to ECR analysts.
Chinese banks: too big to compete
March 2013
As China transitions to a market-based consumption-led economy, financial reform seems inevitable and yet China’s big four government-backed lenders continue to dominate the landscape. More competition is needed to boost innovation in the formal banking system and lending to small and medium-sized enterprises.
Redback’s rocky rise: will China bite the monetary bullet?
February 2013
Pent-up global demand, Chinese economic dominion and monetary reform have fed optimism that the renminbi is on the path to becoming a global trade and investment currency. However, although currency internationalization will boost China’s growth model in the medium-to-long term, the short-term political and economic costs are huge.
Nominal GDP targeting – a new method in the Chinese monetary policy madness?
February 2013
HSBC's chief economist Stephen King and Yu Yongding, a former academic adviser to the People's Bank of China, debate the allure of nominal GDP targeting as a possible anchor for monetary policy in China.
China: Cash management revolution under way
February 2013
Pilot schemes to aid integration; FDI exacerbates challenges.
China toughens IPO stance to boost confidence
February 2013
A quarter of IPO applicants might reconsider; market saturated.
Former People’s Bank of China adviser warns on China imbalances
January 2013
Former monetary policy official Yu Yongding calls on the Chinese government to turbo-charge its economic reform agenda, including financial market liberalization, in order to nurture a consumption-led economy.
The renminbi and cross-border trade: sightings of Bigfoot
January 2013
The renminbi will become as integral to global trade as letters of credit or the container ship. Companies need to think carefully on how to blend daily RMB usage into their existing supply chains as Beijing begins to remove bureaucratic FX hurdles.
China rebalancing: winds of change
January 2013
The economy continues to defy the doom-mongers, but to nurture a sustainable and domestic-led growth model China’s new leadership must embark on painful, destabilizing and controversial reforms.
China hard landing could still blow up world - Société Générale
January 2013
Société Générale reveals the disfigured face of the global economy in the event of a China growth shock, given the country’s unsustainable investment rate – its all-too familiar Achilles heel.
China eyes stability with moves to welcome more sovereign wealth
December 2012
The People’s Bank of China moved this week to lift a $1 billion cap on a sovereign-level onshore investment window. But will central banks and sovereign wealth funds take the bait?
Interest rates in China will be fully liberalized in three years – HSBC
November 2012
In a recent report published by HSBC, Qu Hongbin argues that with China's leadership change will come a flurry of economic reforms, with interest rate liberalization expected in the next three years.
Inside investment: Nudging 1.3 billion Chinese
September 2012
The incoming Chinese leadership should use the subtle insights of behavioural finance – and the blunt message of bond issuance – to rebalance their economy toward domestic consumption.