The banks and payment card companies continue to combat constantly mutating fraud. Almost as soon as one source is eradicated, another appears. Many different techniques and technologies are being used, including chip and PIN, obligatory pre-notification of international travel, transaction alerts and dynamic one-time authentication passwords. One of the latest is the real-time scoring of payment authorization requests. This new service from VISA Europe, due to go live in April, uses neural networks and predictive technologies from Fico to estimate in real time the likelihood of fraud in each authorization request. The scoring is based on the visibility of all cross-border and other card payments on the VISA network and fraud data supplied by VISA member banks. This new development is expected to reduce considerably the unnecessary decline of genuine card-not-present and cross-border payment card transactions.
Figure 1: Evolution of card fraud in Europe | |||||
1980 | 1990 | 2000 | Today | ||
Fraudster | Individuals | Teams | Local crime rings | International crime rings | |
Target | Consumers | Small retailers | Large retailers | Banks Processors | |
Leading fraud types | Lost/stolen Intercepted | Domestic counterfeiting/skimming | Identity theft, Phising, Rudimentary data compromise | Cross-border data compromise, CNP fraud, ATM fraud | |
Type of cards targeted | T&E cards | Premium credit cards | Mass market credit cards | All types of credit cards, Debit cards, Prepaid cards | |
Necessary resources | Opportunism | Rudimentary knowledge | Technical knowhow | Audacity, Technical expertise, Insider information, Global connections | |
Source: VISA Europe |