A survey by the Bank of New York and Casey, Quirk and Associates shows that, while hedge funds may be receiving criticism from some governmental bodies, institutional investors are quite content with them. Only 3% of the 101 institutional investors surveyed said that their hedge fund programme had underperformed their expectations. Seventy-two percent said that their hedge fund had performed within 1% of their target expectations, and 25% claimed it had exceeded their return target by 1% or more.