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The Kalff interview

The Kalff interview

Remember Allerdale, Waltham Forest, Hammersmith and Fulham? The failure of international banks almost a decade ago to force these UK local authorities to pay out on their swaps contracts and loan guarantees has held back the development of municipal finance in the UK. While municipal bond markets have grown up in many other European countries and even emerging markets, banks' sour memories have hampered the UK private finance initiative (PFI), designed to encourage private financing of large infrastructure projects, including new road building, since its official launch several years ago.

Last month's announced merger of bulge-bracket firm Salomon Brothers with brokerage Smith Barney creates something bigger than Morgan Stanley Dean Witter. But the chairman of its parent, Travelers Group, may have overreached himself as he triggers another culture clash on Wall Street. By Michelle Celarier.

Canada's six largest banks dominate their home market, so it's hardly surprising they are looking abroad for growth opportunities. But their expansion strategies could hardly be more different: while Nova Scotia is buying up Latin American banks, CIBC is becoming a player on Wall Street and Toronto Dominion is cultivating a niche as a discount broker. But what would really allow Canadian banks to become serious global players would be if the government were to allow them to merge. Richard Blackwell reports.

The recent volcanic eruptions on the Caribbean island of Montserrat have brought death to its inhabitants, destroyed several towns and villages, and forced the evacuation of over half the island's 11,000 population. But despite the turmoil, Royal Bank of Canada is not leaving - yet.

Sandy Weill bounces back

Issuer: Rheinische Hypothekenbank

The Kalff interview

Nordic borrowers are inconsistent users of capital markets and when they do use them tend to concentrate on price above all else. With the advent of Emu likely to shift investors' attentions towards credit quality and away from currency arbitrage, this short-term approach to the market could hurt Nordic government and corporate issuers. Jules Stewart reports.

With Japan's financial deregulation gathering pace - and foreign players emerging as the clear winners - Japanese institutions have been slow to formulate defence strategies. Some see their salvation in growth areas such as investment banking and asset management. But as Jack Lowenstein reports, their real future may lie in linking up with outsiders. And foreign acquisition of Japanese firms may not be far off.

Commerzbank used to be content pushing along as Germany's number-three bank. As local rivals merge and grow, this bank is too proud to downsize. In equities at least, it wants to be a global player. Laura Covill reports.